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插件调试与测试方法

作者:陈川 阅读数:33644人阅读 分类: 构建工具

插件调试与测试方法

Vite.js 插件开发过程中,调试与测试是保证功能稳定性的关键环节。合理的调试手段能快速定位问题,而完善的测试策略则能预防潜在缺陷。

调试工具与技巧

使用 Chrome DevTools 调试 Vite 插件时,可通过 debugger 语句主动触发断点:

export default function myPlugin() {
  return {
    name: 'vite-plugin-debug',
    transform(code, id) {
      debugger; // 浏览器会自动在此暂停
      if (id.endsWith('.vue')) {
        console.log('Processing Vue file:', id);
      }
      return code;
    }
  }
}

对于 SSR 场景,建议使用 VS Code 的 JavaScript Debug Terminal:

  1. 按下 Ctrl+Shift+P 打开命令面板
  2. 选择 "JavaScript Debug Terminal"
  3. 在终端中运行 vite dev

日志输出策略

结构化日志能显著提升调试效率。推荐使用 consola 库:

import consola from 'consola';

export default {
  name: 'vite-plugin-logger',
  configResolved(config) {
    consola.box('Resolved Config:');
    consola.info({
      root: config.root,
      plugins: config.plugins.map(p => p.name)
    });
  }
}

关键日志级别使用建议:

  • consola.debug:详细流程跟踪
  • consola.warn:非阻塞性问题
  • consola.error:需要立即处理的错误

测试环境搭建

单元测试推荐使用 Vitest + happy-dom:

// vite-plugin-svg/test/transform.spec.ts
import { describe, it, expect } from 'vitest';
import svgPlugin from '../src';

describe('SVG transform', () => {
  it('should inject viewBox attribute', async () => {
    const result = await svgPlugin().transform('<svg width="100"/>', 'test.svg');
    expect(result).toContain('viewBox="0 0 100 100"');
  });
});

配置 vite.config.test.ts 单独处理测试环境:

/// <reference types="vitest" />
import { defineConfig } from 'vite';

export default defineConfig({
  test: {
    environment: 'happy-dom',
    coverage: {
      reporter: ['text', 'json', 'html']
    }
  }
});

钩子函数测试要点

测试不同插件钩子时需要模拟对应上下文。以 config 钩子为例:

import { resolve } from 'path';

describe('Config hook', () => {
  it('should modify base path', () => {
    const plugin = myPlugin({ prefix: '/api' });
    const config = plugin.config?.call({} as any, { base: '/' });
    expect(config).toHaveProperty('base', '/api/');
  });
});

模拟完整构建流程的测试示例:

const mockBuildContext = {
  scanGlob: '**/*.md',
  getModuleInfo: jest.fn(),
  emitFile: jest.fn()
};

test('buildEnd hook', async () => {
  await markdownPlugin().buildEnd?.call(mockBuildContext);
  expect(mockBuildContext.emitFile).toHaveBeenCalledTimes(3);
});

真实环境验证

创建测试项目进行集成测试:

mkdir test-project && cd test-project
npm init vite@latest --template vue-ts

package.json 中添加本地插件引用:

{
  "devDependencies": {
    "my-plugin": "file:../path-to-plugin"
  }
}

使用 console.time 监控性能:

export function transformMarkdown() {
  return {
    name: 'markdown-perf',
    transform(code, id) {
      if (!id.endsWith('.md')) return;

      console.time('markdown-transform');
      const result = compileMarkdown(code);
      console.timeEnd('markdown-transform');
      
      return `export default ${JSON.stringify(result)}`;
    }
  }
}

错误边界处理

强制触发错误场景验证插件健壮性:

describe('Error handling', () => {
  it('should catch CSS parse errors', async () => {
    const brokenCSS = `div { color: `;
    await expect(
      cssPlugin().transform.call({ error: jest.fn() }, brokenCSS, 'broken.css')
    ).rejects.toThrow('CSS syntax error');
  });
});

实现自定义错误类提升可识别性:

class PluginError extends Error {
  constructor(message, code) {
    super(`[vite-plugin-utils] ${message}`);
    this.code = code;
  }
}

export function handleAssets() {
  return {
    name: 'assets-handler',
    load(id) {
      if (!fs.existsSync(id)) {
        throw new PluginError(`File not found: ${id}`, 'ENOENT');
      }
    }
  }
}

版本兼容性测试

矩阵测试不同 Vite 版本支持情况:

# .github/workflows/test.yml
strategy:
  matrix:
    vite-version: ["3.0.0", "3.1.0", "4.0.0"]
steps:
  - run: npm install vite@${{ matrix.vite-version }}
  - run: npm test

使用 peerDependencies 声明版本要求:

{
  "peerDependencies": {
    "vite": "^3.0.0 || ^4.0.0"
  }
}

性能优化检查

通过 --profile 参数生成性能报告:

vite build --profile

分析插件各阶段耗时:

export function analyzePlugin() {
  const timings = new Map();

  return {
    name: 'performance-analyzer',
    buildStart() {
      timings.set('start', performance.now());
    },
    buildEnd() {
      const duration = performance.now() - timings.get('start');
      console.log(`Total build time: ${duration.toFixed(2)}ms`);
    }
  }
}

持续集成实践

GitHub Actions 配置示例:

name: Plugin Test
on: [push, pull_request]

jobs:
  test:
    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
    steps:
      - uses: actions/checkout@v3
      - uses: actions/setup-node@v3
        with:
          node-version: 18
      - run: npm ci
      - run: npm test -- --coverage
      - uses: codecov/codecov-action@v3

用户行为模拟

使用 Playwright 进行端到端测试:

// tests/e2e.spec.ts
import { test, expect } from '@playwright/test';

test('should inject styles', async ({ page }) => {
  await page.goto('http://localhost:3000');
  const bgColor = await page.$eval('div', el => 
    getComputedStyle(el).backgroundColor
  );
  expect(bgColor).toBe('rgb(255, 0, 0)');
});

配置测试服务器:

// vite.config.ts
export default defineConfig({
  plugins: [
    myPlugin(),
    {
      name: 'serve-test-server',
      configureServer(server) {
        server.middlewares.use('/api', (req, res) => {
          res.end('mock data');
        });
      }
    }
  ]
})

缓存机制验证

测试插件缓存行为:

describe('Cache validation', () => {
  let cache;

  beforeEach(() => {
    cache = new Map();
  });

  it('should reuse cached result', async () => {
    const plugin = myPlugin({ cache });
    const firstRun = await plugin.transform('content', 'file.txt');
    const secondRun = await plugin.transform('content', 'file.txt');
    expect(firstRun).toBe(secondRun);
  });
});

实现自定义缓存策略:

export function createDiskCache(dir) {
  return {
    get(key) {
      const file = path.join(dir, key);
      return fs.existsSync(file) ? fs.readFileSync(file, 'utf-8') : null;
    },
    set(key, value) {
      fs.mkdirSync(dir, { recursive: true });
      fs.writeFileSync(path.join(dir, key), value);
    }
  };
}

多进程测试

验证 Worker 环境下的插件行为:

// test/worker.spec.ts
import { Worker } from 'worker_threads';

test('works in worker thread', () => new Promise((resolve) => {
  const worker = new Worker(`
    const { parentPort } = require('worker_threads');
    const plugin = require('../dist').default();
    plugin.transform('test', 'file.js').then(() => {
      parentPort.postMessage('done');
    });
  `, { eval: true });

  worker.on('message', resolve);
}));

配置项验证

使用 Zod 进行配置校验:

import { z } from 'zod';

const configSchema = z.object({
  target: z.enum(['es2015', 'es2020']).default('es2015'),
  minify: z.boolean().optional()
});

export default function myPlugin(rawConfig) {
  const config = configSchema.parse(rawConfig);
  
  return {
    name: 'validated-plugin',
    config() {
      return {
        build: {
          target: config.target
        }
      }
    }
  }
}

测试无效配置场景:

test('should reject invalid config', () => {
  expect(() => myPlugin({ target: 'es2040' }))
    .toThrow('Invalid enum value');
});

虚拟模块测试

验证虚拟模块实现:

describe('Virtual module', () => {
  it('should resolve virtual imports', async () => {
    const plugin = virtualPlugin({
      '@virtual': 'export default 42'
    });
    
    const result = await plugin.resolveId('@virtual');
    expect(result).toBe('\0@virtual');
    
    const loaded = await plugin.load('\0@virtual');
    expect(loaded).toContain('42');
  });
});

HMR 行为验证

测试热更新逻辑:

const mockHmrContext = {
  file: '/src/main.js',
  timestamp: Date.now(),
  modules: new Set(),
  read: () => Promise.resolve('updated content')
};

test('should handle HMR update', async () => {
  const plugin = hmrPlugin();
  const result = await plugin.handleHotUpdate?.(mockHmrContext);
  expect(result).toContainEqual(
    expect.objectContaining({ file: '/src/main.js' })
  );
});

插件组合测试

验证多个插件协同工作:

function createTestServer(plugins) {
  return createServer({
    plugins: [
      vitePlugin1(),
      vitePlugin2(),
      ...plugins
    ]
  });
}

test('plugin ordering matters', async () => {
  const server = await createTestServer([myPlugin()]);
  const result = await server.transformRequest('file.vue');
  expect(result.code).toMatchSnapshot();
});

生产构建差异

对比开发与生产环境行为:

export function envAwarePlugin() {
  return {
    name: 'env-aware',
    config(_, env) {
      return env.command === 'build' 
        ? { define: { __DEV__: false } }
        : { define: { __DEV__: true } };
    }
  }
}

describe('Production build', () => {
  it('should disable dev flags', () => {
    const plugin = envAwarePlugin();
    const prodConfig = plugin.config?.call({}, {}, 'build');
    expect(prodConfig.define.__DEV__).toBe(false);
  });
});

类型安全验证

使用 tsd 进行类型测试:

// test-d/types.test-d.ts
import { expectType } from 'tsd';
import myPlugin from '../src';

expectType<{
  name: string;
  transform?: (code: string) => string;
}>(myPlugin());

文档测试同步

将测试用例嵌入文档:

```js demo
// 验证 CSS 注入功能
const result = await cssPlugin().transform(
  `.red { color: red }`, 
  'styles.css'
);
assert(result.code.includes('injected'));
```

通过脚本提取文档中的可执行代码:

const extractExamples = (markdown) => {
  const codeBlocks = markdown.match(/```js demo([\s\S]*?)```/g);
  return codeBlocks.map(block => 
    block.replace(/```js demo|```/g, '')
  );
};

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前端川

前端川,陈川的代码茶馆🍵,专治各种不服的Bug退散符💻,日常贩卖秃头警告级的开发心得🛠️,附赠一行代码笑十年的摸鱼宝典🐟,偶尔掉落咖啡杯里泡开的像素级浪漫☕。‌