插件调试与测试方法
插件调试与测试方法
Vite.js 插件开发过程中,调试与测试是保证功能稳定性的关键环节。合理的调试手段能快速定位问题,而完善的测试策略则能预防潜在缺陷。
调试工具与技巧
使用 Chrome DevTools 调试 Vite 插件时,可通过 debugger
语句主动触发断点:
export default function myPlugin() {
return {
name: 'vite-plugin-debug',
transform(code, id) {
debugger; // 浏览器会自动在此暂停
if (id.endsWith('.vue')) {
console.log('Processing Vue file:', id);
}
return code;
}
}
}
对于 SSR 场景,建议使用 VS Code 的 JavaScript Debug Terminal:
- 按下
Ctrl+Shift+P
打开命令面板 - 选择 "JavaScript Debug Terminal"
- 在终端中运行
vite dev
日志输出策略
结构化日志能显著提升调试效率。推荐使用 consola
库:
import consola from 'consola';
export default {
name: 'vite-plugin-logger',
configResolved(config) {
consola.box('Resolved Config:');
consola.info({
root: config.root,
plugins: config.plugins.map(p => p.name)
});
}
}
关键日志级别使用建议:
consola.debug
:详细流程跟踪consola.warn
:非阻塞性问题consola.error
:需要立即处理的错误
测试环境搭建
单元测试推荐使用 Vitest + happy-dom:
// vite-plugin-svg/test/transform.spec.ts
import { describe, it, expect } from 'vitest';
import svgPlugin from '../src';
describe('SVG transform', () => {
it('should inject viewBox attribute', async () => {
const result = await svgPlugin().transform('<svg width="100"/>', 'test.svg');
expect(result).toContain('viewBox="0 0 100 100"');
});
});
配置 vite.config.test.ts
单独处理测试环境:
/// <reference types="vitest" />
import { defineConfig } from 'vite';
export default defineConfig({
test: {
environment: 'happy-dom',
coverage: {
reporter: ['text', 'json', 'html']
}
}
});
钩子函数测试要点
测试不同插件钩子时需要模拟对应上下文。以 config
钩子为例:
import { resolve } from 'path';
describe('Config hook', () => {
it('should modify base path', () => {
const plugin = myPlugin({ prefix: '/api' });
const config = plugin.config?.call({} as any, { base: '/' });
expect(config).toHaveProperty('base', '/api/');
});
});
模拟完整构建流程的测试示例:
const mockBuildContext = {
scanGlob: '**/*.md',
getModuleInfo: jest.fn(),
emitFile: jest.fn()
};
test('buildEnd hook', async () => {
await markdownPlugin().buildEnd?.call(mockBuildContext);
expect(mockBuildContext.emitFile).toHaveBeenCalledTimes(3);
});
真实环境验证
创建测试项目进行集成测试:
mkdir test-project && cd test-project
npm init vite@latest --template vue-ts
在 package.json
中添加本地插件引用:
{
"devDependencies": {
"my-plugin": "file:../path-to-plugin"
}
}
使用 console.time
监控性能:
export function transformMarkdown() {
return {
name: 'markdown-perf',
transform(code, id) {
if (!id.endsWith('.md')) return;
console.time('markdown-transform');
const result = compileMarkdown(code);
console.timeEnd('markdown-transform');
return `export default ${JSON.stringify(result)}`;
}
}
}
错误边界处理
强制触发错误场景验证插件健壮性:
describe('Error handling', () => {
it('should catch CSS parse errors', async () => {
const brokenCSS = `div { color: `;
await expect(
cssPlugin().transform.call({ error: jest.fn() }, brokenCSS, 'broken.css')
).rejects.toThrow('CSS syntax error');
});
});
实现自定义错误类提升可识别性:
class PluginError extends Error {
constructor(message, code) {
super(`[vite-plugin-utils] ${message}`);
this.code = code;
}
}
export function handleAssets() {
return {
name: 'assets-handler',
load(id) {
if (!fs.existsSync(id)) {
throw new PluginError(`File not found: ${id}`, 'ENOENT');
}
}
}
}
版本兼容性测试
矩阵测试不同 Vite 版本支持情况:
# .github/workflows/test.yml
strategy:
matrix:
vite-version: ["3.0.0", "3.1.0", "4.0.0"]
steps:
- run: npm install vite@${{ matrix.vite-version }}
- run: npm test
使用 peerDependencies
声明版本要求:
{
"peerDependencies": {
"vite": "^3.0.0 || ^4.0.0"
}
}
性能优化检查
通过 --profile
参数生成性能报告:
vite build --profile
分析插件各阶段耗时:
export function analyzePlugin() {
const timings = new Map();
return {
name: 'performance-analyzer',
buildStart() {
timings.set('start', performance.now());
},
buildEnd() {
const duration = performance.now() - timings.get('start');
console.log(`Total build time: ${duration.toFixed(2)}ms`);
}
}
}
持续集成实践
GitHub Actions 配置示例:
name: Plugin Test
on: [push, pull_request]
jobs:
test:
runs-on: ubuntu-latest
steps:
- uses: actions/checkout@v3
- uses: actions/setup-node@v3
with:
node-version: 18
- run: npm ci
- run: npm test -- --coverage
- uses: codecov/codecov-action@v3
用户行为模拟
使用 Playwright 进行端到端测试:
// tests/e2e.spec.ts
import { test, expect } from '@playwright/test';
test('should inject styles', async ({ page }) => {
await page.goto('http://localhost:3000');
const bgColor = await page.$eval('div', el =>
getComputedStyle(el).backgroundColor
);
expect(bgColor).toBe('rgb(255, 0, 0)');
});
配置测试服务器:
// vite.config.ts
export default defineConfig({
plugins: [
myPlugin(),
{
name: 'serve-test-server',
configureServer(server) {
server.middlewares.use('/api', (req, res) => {
res.end('mock data');
});
}
}
]
})
缓存机制验证
测试插件缓存行为:
describe('Cache validation', () => {
let cache;
beforeEach(() => {
cache = new Map();
});
it('should reuse cached result', async () => {
const plugin = myPlugin({ cache });
const firstRun = await plugin.transform('content', 'file.txt');
const secondRun = await plugin.transform('content', 'file.txt');
expect(firstRun).toBe(secondRun);
});
});
实现自定义缓存策略:
export function createDiskCache(dir) {
return {
get(key) {
const file = path.join(dir, key);
return fs.existsSync(file) ? fs.readFileSync(file, 'utf-8') : null;
},
set(key, value) {
fs.mkdirSync(dir, { recursive: true });
fs.writeFileSync(path.join(dir, key), value);
}
};
}
多进程测试
验证 Worker 环境下的插件行为:
// test/worker.spec.ts
import { Worker } from 'worker_threads';
test('works in worker thread', () => new Promise((resolve) => {
const worker = new Worker(`
const { parentPort } = require('worker_threads');
const plugin = require('../dist').default();
plugin.transform('test', 'file.js').then(() => {
parentPort.postMessage('done');
});
`, { eval: true });
worker.on('message', resolve);
}));
配置项验证
使用 Zod 进行配置校验:
import { z } from 'zod';
const configSchema = z.object({
target: z.enum(['es2015', 'es2020']).default('es2015'),
minify: z.boolean().optional()
});
export default function myPlugin(rawConfig) {
const config = configSchema.parse(rawConfig);
return {
name: 'validated-plugin',
config() {
return {
build: {
target: config.target
}
}
}
}
}
测试无效配置场景:
test('should reject invalid config', () => {
expect(() => myPlugin({ target: 'es2040' }))
.toThrow('Invalid enum value');
});
虚拟模块测试
验证虚拟模块实现:
describe('Virtual module', () => {
it('should resolve virtual imports', async () => {
const plugin = virtualPlugin({
'@virtual': 'export default 42'
});
const result = await plugin.resolveId('@virtual');
expect(result).toBe('\0@virtual');
const loaded = await plugin.load('\0@virtual');
expect(loaded).toContain('42');
});
});
HMR 行为验证
测试热更新逻辑:
const mockHmrContext = {
file: '/src/main.js',
timestamp: Date.now(),
modules: new Set(),
read: () => Promise.resolve('updated content')
};
test('should handle HMR update', async () => {
const plugin = hmrPlugin();
const result = await plugin.handleHotUpdate?.(mockHmrContext);
expect(result).toContainEqual(
expect.objectContaining({ file: '/src/main.js' })
);
});
插件组合测试
验证多个插件协同工作:
function createTestServer(plugins) {
return createServer({
plugins: [
vitePlugin1(),
vitePlugin2(),
...plugins
]
});
}
test('plugin ordering matters', async () => {
const server = await createTestServer([myPlugin()]);
const result = await server.transformRequest('file.vue');
expect(result.code).toMatchSnapshot();
});
生产构建差异
对比开发与生产环境行为:
export function envAwarePlugin() {
return {
name: 'env-aware',
config(_, env) {
return env.command === 'build'
? { define: { __DEV__: false } }
: { define: { __DEV__: true } };
}
}
}
describe('Production build', () => {
it('should disable dev flags', () => {
const plugin = envAwarePlugin();
const prodConfig = plugin.config?.call({}, {}, 'build');
expect(prodConfig.define.__DEV__).toBe(false);
});
});
类型安全验证
使用 tsd 进行类型测试:
// test-d/types.test-d.ts
import { expectType } from 'tsd';
import myPlugin from '../src';
expectType<{
name: string;
transform?: (code: string) => string;
}>(myPlugin());
文档测试同步
将测试用例嵌入文档:
```js demo
// 验证 CSS 注入功能
const result = await cssPlugin().transform(
`.red { color: red }`,
'styles.css'
);
assert(result.code.includes('injected'));
```
通过脚本提取文档中的可执行代码:
const extractExamples = (markdown) => {
const codeBlocks = markdown.match(/```js demo([\s\S]*?)```/g);
return codeBlocks.map(block =>
block.replace(/```js demo|```/g, '')
);
};
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